Genus: Unicellular; variable in shape; a constriction at the center of the cell body; mostly longer than wide; flattened; each semicell hemispherical, spherical, ellipsoidal, rectangular, pyramidal or kidney-shaped; no apical indentation (Illustrations of The Japanese Fresh-water Algae, 1977).
Species: Cell body rectangular, 53-90 μm long, 47.6-85 μm wide; isthmus 19-30 μm wide; semicells subrectangular, with rounded corners; side view nearly circular; apical view elongated ellipsoidal; marginal granules 34-37 in number (Photomicrographs of the Freshwater Algae, vol. 3, 1985).

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C. quadrum x μm Kaga-city c.p. Kaga Ishikawa, 2007	C. quadrum ? 85-100 x μm Ushiku-numa m.p. Ryugasaki Ibaraki, 2007	C. quadrum 84 x 68 μm Kabuto-yama Nishi-no-miya Hyogo, 2004	C. quadrum 70 x 61 μm Imou bog Toyohashi Aichi, 2004
C. quadrum 60 x 55 μm Numa-no-hara m. Madarao highland Niigata, 2005	C. quadrum or C. logiense ? 53 x 50 μm Aquatic botanical g. Sawara Chiba, 2004	C. quadrum or C. logiense ? 52 x 49 μm Ibaraki, 2000	C. quadrum 53 x 53 μm Aquatic botanical g. Sawara Chiba, 2004
C. quadrum ? μm Water field Kusu Oita, 2008

Similar species -->> C. margaritatum; C. subalatum; C. logiense;

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